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The bulk of apps that require shared storage admission can follow the best practices for sharing media files and sharing not-media files. However, some apps accept a cadre use instance that requires broad access of files on a device, but cannot do and then efficiently using the privacy-friendly storage all-time practices. Android provides a special app admission called All files access for these situations.

For case, an anti-virus app'southward primary use case might require regular scanning of many files across different directories. If this scanning requires repeated user interactions to select directories using the arrangement file picker, information technology may provide a poor user experience. Other employ cases—such as file manager apps, backup and restore apps, and certificate management apps—may require similar considerations.

Request All files access

An app tin request All files admission from the user by doing the following:

1. Declare the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission in the manifest.
2. Use the ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION intent action to direct users to a system settings page where they can enable the post-obit pick for your app: Allow admission to manage all files.

To make up one's mind whether your app has been granted the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission, call Environment.isExternalStorageManager().

Operations that MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE allows

The MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission grants the following:

• Read and write admission to all files within shared storage.

• Access to the contents of the MediaStore.Files table.

• Access to the root directory of both the USB on-the-go (OTG) drive and the SD card.

• Write access to all internal storage directories⁠, except for /Android/information/, /sdcard/Android, and well-nigh subdirectories of /sdcard/Android. This write access includes directly file path admission.

  Apps that are granted this permission yet cannot admission the app-specific directories that belong to other apps because these directories announced every bit subdirectories of Android/data/ on a storage volume.

When an app has the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission, it can access these additional files and directories using either the MediaStore API or direct file paths. When you apply the Storage Access Framework, however, you can just admission a file or directory if yous could do and then without having the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission.

Invoke some other app'south storage direction activeness

On Android 12 (API level 31) and higher, apps that accept both the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission and the QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES permission—such equally file direction apps—can use the getManageSpaceActivityIntent() to send users to another app's custom space direction activity.

The getManageSpaceActivityIntent() method takes in a package proper name and a request code, and it returns 1 of the following:

• A PendingIntent, if the app with the specified package name has defined a custom "manage space" activity. The file management app that called the getManageSpaceActivityIntent() method can then invoke the returned intent to transport users to the custom activeness.
• null, if the app with the specified bundle proper noun doesn't ascertain a "manage infinite" action.

Enable MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE for testing

To explore how the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission affects your app, you can enable the permission for testing purposes. To practise so, run the following command on the machine that'southward connected to your exam device:

adb beat out appops set --uid          PACKAGE_NAME          MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE allow        

Google Play notice

This section provides a discover for developers who publish apps on Google Play.

To limit broad access to shared storage, the Google Play store has updated its policy to evaluate apps that target Android eleven (API level 30) or higher and request "All files access" through the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission. This policy takes event in May 2021.

When your app targets Android 11 or higher, and information technology declares the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission, Android Studio shows the lint warning that appears in figure 1. This warning reminds you that "the Google Play shop has a policy that limits usage of" the permission.

Figure 1. Lint warning in Android Studio that reminds you about the Google Play policy regarding the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission.

You should asking the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission only when your app cannot effectively make use of the more privacy-friendly APIs, such every bit Storage Access Framework or the Media Store API. Additionally, the app'south usage of the permission must fall within permitted uses, and must exist straight tied to the core functionality of the app. If your app includes a employ case that'southward similar to the following examples, information technology's probable to be allowed to request the MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission:

• File managers
• Backup and restore apps
• Anti-virus apps
• Document direction apps
• On-device file search
• Disk and file encryption
• Device-to-device data migration

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Source: https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage/manage-all-files

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